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Five steps to equipment maintenance
source：未知 time：2024-08-30 11:04nbsp; click：
Equipment failure refers to the situation where the equipment cannot work properly or its performance deteriorates due to various reasons during operation. Equipment failure may be caused by many factors,
such as: 1. Equipment aging: wear and fatigue of parts and components, resulting in gradual performance degradation. 2. Improper operation: operators do not follow the correct procedures. 3. Poor maintenance: lack of regular maintenance, inspection and repair. 4. Environmental impact: adverse environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, dust, electromagnetic interference, etc. 5. Quality issues: defects in the equipment itself during design, manufacturing or installation.
Five steps to equipment maintenance The cause of machine equipment failure can be found. Any failure can be solved. When failures and hidden dangers occur, how to quickly find the root cause of the failure is generally divided into the following five steps:
1. Ask
When a device fails, the first thing to do is to ask the operator who is familiar with the device more questions, including the time, frequency, symptoms, operating environment, etc. of the failure. This helps maintenance personnel obtain first-hand information and provide clues for subsequent diagnosis and maintenance. For example, when repairing a computer failure, it is necessary to understand whether the computer has been installed with any software or downloaded any programs during use; whether there are any abnormal phenomena in the peripheral equipment when the computer fails; when the computer was purchased and where it is often used; what is the fault phenomenon when the failure occurs? Maintenance personnel should ask more questions like the above, and they may be able to find out the problem inadvertently, which can save a lot of time and prescribe the right medicine.
2. Perform
A comprehensive inspection of the equipment. This includes appearance inspection, internal structure inspection, circuit inspection, mechanical component inspection, etc. Use various detection tools and methods to determine the specific location and cause of the fault. Check if the machine has any obvious abnormalities. Looking with eyes, touching with hands, and smelling with nose all belong to the category of seeing, just like Chinese medicine's "looking, smelling, asking, and feeling", taking the pulse to diagnose diseases. If you can see the abnormality of the equipment at a glance, you can quickly find the cause of the fault. In the maintenance process, many faults caused by components are judged by smell.
3. Thinking
Thinking is the process of analysis and judgment. Based on the information obtained from inquiry and inspection, think about the possible causes of the failure and develop a corresponding maintenance plan. This requires maintenance personnel to have rich knowledge and experience, be able to accurately judge the problem, and come up with an effective solution. Follow the ten principles of maintenance, flexibly use maintenance methods, and based on maintenance experience, you can make a good judgment on the failure. Ten principles of equipment maintenance: 1. Investigate before you do it: Before performing maintenance operations, fully understand the failure phenomenon, usage and related background information of the equipment to avoid blindly doing it and causing unnecessary losses. 2. From outside to inside: Start checking the external components of the equipment, such as cable connections, appearance damage, etc., and then gradually go deep into the internal structure. 3. Mechanical first, then electrical: First check the problems of mechanical components, such as transmission devices, lubrication conditions, etc., and then check the electrical part, because mechanical failures are relatively intuitive and common. 4. Clean first, then repair: Many failures are caused by pollutants such as dust and oil. Cleaning the equipment can sometimes directly solve the problem or make subsequent maintenance clearer. 5. Power supply first, then equipment: Power failure is often one of the important reasons for equipment failure. First check whether the power supply is normal, including voltage, current, stability, etc. 6. Common problems first, then difficult problems: First consider the common types and causes of equipment failures, and leave rare and complex difficult problems for in-depth research later. 7. Static first, then dynamic: Perform a preliminary inspection in a static state when the equipment is not powered on, and then observe and detect during dynamic operation. 8. Simple first, then complex: Give priority to simple and easy maintenance methods and tools to avoid using complex and high-cost solutions from the beginning. 9. General first, then special: Solve general and common problems first, and then deal with special and individual situations. 10. Keep records and summaries: During the maintenance process, record the failure phenomenon, inspection steps, maintenance methods and results in detail to facilitate subsequent analysis and reference, and also help accumulate experience and improve maintenance level.
4. Perform
Maintenance operations according to the established maintenance plan. This requires maintenance personnel to have proficient skills and operating specifications to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the maintenance process. Perform troubleshooting. Before adjusting or replacing spare parts, make sure to mark and mark them. If the adjustment or replacement is ineffective, restore them immediately to avoid expanding and complicating the fault. In the troubleshooting process, you need to use a variety of methods to know what is going on.
5. After the maintenance is completed, reflect on and summarize the entire maintenance process. Think about whether the maintenance plan is reasonable, whether the operation is appropriate, whether there is room for improvement, etc., so that similar problems can be solved more efficiently and accurately in future maintenance work. When the fault is eliminated, reflect on the entire process, which is the content of the ten questions of fault management.
such as: 1. Equipment aging: wear and fatigue of parts and components, resulting in gradual performance degradation. 2. Improper operation: operators do not follow the correct procedures. 3. Poor maintenance: lack of regular maintenance, inspection and repair. 4. Environmental impact: adverse environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, dust, electromagnetic interference, etc. 5. Quality issues: defects in the equipment itself during design, manufacturing or installation.
1. Ask
When a device fails, the first thing to do is to ask the operator who is familiar with the device more questions, including the time, frequency, symptoms, operating environment, etc. of the failure. This helps maintenance personnel obtain first-hand information and provide clues for subsequent diagnosis and maintenance. For example, when repairing a computer failure, it is necessary to understand whether the computer has been installed with any software or downloaded any programs during use; whether there are any abnormal phenomena in the peripheral equipment when the computer fails; when the computer was purchased and where it is often used; what is the fault phenomenon when the failure occurs? Maintenance personnel should ask more questions like the above, and they may be able to find out the problem inadvertently, which can save a lot of time and prescribe the right medicine.
A comprehensive inspection of the equipment. This includes appearance inspection, internal structure inspection, circuit inspection, mechanical component inspection, etc. Use various detection tools and methods to determine the specific location and cause of the fault. Check if the machine has any obvious abnormalities. Looking with eyes, touching with hands, and smelling with nose all belong to the category of seeing, just like Chinese medicine's "looking, smelling, asking, and feeling", taking the pulse to diagnose diseases. If you can see the abnormality of the equipment at a glance, you can quickly find the cause of the fault. In the maintenance process, many faults caused by components are judged by smell.
3. Thinking
Thinking is the process of analysis and judgment. Based on the information obtained from inquiry and inspection, think about the possible causes of the failure and develop a corresponding maintenance plan. This requires maintenance personnel to have rich knowledge and experience, be able to accurately judge the problem, and come up with an effective solution. Follow the ten principles of maintenance, flexibly use maintenance methods, and based on maintenance experience, you can make a good judgment on the failure. Ten principles of equipment maintenance: 1. Investigate before you do it: Before performing maintenance operations, fully understand the failure phenomenon, usage and related background information of the equipment to avoid blindly doing it and causing unnecessary losses. 2. From outside to inside: Start checking the external components of the equipment, such as cable connections, appearance damage, etc., and then gradually go deep into the internal structure. 3. Mechanical first, then electrical: First check the problems of mechanical components, such as transmission devices, lubrication conditions, etc., and then check the electrical part, because mechanical failures are relatively intuitive and common. 4. Clean first, then repair: Many failures are caused by pollutants such as dust and oil. Cleaning the equipment can sometimes directly solve the problem or make subsequent maintenance clearer. 5. Power supply first, then equipment: Power failure is often one of the important reasons for equipment failure. First check whether the power supply is normal, including voltage, current, stability, etc. 6. Common problems first, then difficult problems: First consider the common types and causes of equipment failures, and leave rare and complex difficult problems for in-depth research later. 7. Static first, then dynamic: Perform a preliminary inspection in a static state when the equipment is not powered on, and then observe and detect during dynamic operation. 8. Simple first, then complex: Give priority to simple and easy maintenance methods and tools to avoid using complex and high-cost solutions from the beginning. 9. General first, then special: Solve general and common problems first, and then deal with special and individual situations. 10. Keep records and summaries: During the maintenance process, record the failure phenomenon, inspection steps, maintenance methods and results in detail to facilitate subsequent analysis and reference, and also help accumulate experience and improve maintenance level.
Maintenance operations according to the established maintenance plan. This requires maintenance personnel to have proficient skills and operating specifications to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the maintenance process. Perform troubleshooting. Before adjusting or replacing spare parts, make sure to mark and mark them. If the adjustment or replacement is ineffective, restore them immediately to avoid expanding and complicating the fault. In the troubleshooting process, you need to use a variety of methods to know what is going on.
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