How to prevent the motor shaft from breaking?_Wolong Nanyang Explosion-proof Motor, China Motor Manufacturer

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How to prevent the motor shaft from breaking?

source：未知 time：2024-07-19 09:57nbsp; click：

We have conducted many discussions on the causes of broken shafts in combination with failure cases. Reducing and eliminating stress points and eliminating external force factors are the principles for preventing broken shafts. From the perspective of shaft structural characteristics, we should try our best to avoid sudden changes in diameter and slender shafts with large diameter rotors in the design stage. In the manufacturing process, necessary measures should be taken to remove stress.

(1) Control of machining stress. For motor products, most of them are processed using cylindrical billets. Due to the structural characteristics of the shaft, it is basically a stepped structure with a thick middle and thin ends. The position where the shaft diameter changes is the location where stress is more concentrated. Therefore, the opportunity for stress concentration should be reduced by processing in multiple steps. It is necessary to reduce the processing stress by processing the transition fillet at this location. In the actual processing process, the transition fillet may be understood as apparent quality control, and its most substantial role is one of the measures to avoid stress.

(2) Removal of welding stress. For welding stress, it only involves shafts with webs, that is, a web of a certain height is welded on the basis of the cylindrical billet to achieve a matching effect with the rotor core. This type of shaft has a lot of fractures.

According to the welding process, it is divided into instantaneous stress and residual stress of welding. The welding stress of the web shaft should be controlled from the welding process and the finished product link. In order to reduce the instantaneous stress of welding, it is particularly important to preheat the shaft before welding. In order to reduce the welding residual stress of the shaft, the welded shaft should be subjected to stress relief treatment. The treatment method can be ultrasonic vibration or heating.

The fission of the welded shaft generally occurs at the end of the web and the main shaft. Some are longitudinal cracks that extend inward along the direction of the weld. The early stage of this kind of problem is serious noise and bore sweeping of the motor. It is difficult to check for cracks that are not serious. It is necessary to analyze and judge by radial runout detection.

(3) Control of motor installation and transmission. For motors with relatively large power, it is not recommended to use pulley transmission, because this transmission method causes the motor shaft to be subjected to bending moment, which may cause the shaft to break in severe cases.

The requirements in this regard are stipulated in the product technical conditions of the motor and are also stated in the product use and maintenance instructions of the standard motor manufacturer, but this requirement may not be implemented in specific use. For motors that must be driven by pulleys, especially those with relatively large specifications, it is recommended to use cylindrical roller bearings on the drive end.

(4) Reliability of the motor installation base. From actual use, it can be found that some motor installation bases are not directly in contact with the ground, but are elevated by means of a frame. In this case, special attention should be paid to the reliability of the base. If the base is unbalanced, it is very easy to cause the shaft to break due to the position relationship between the motor and the traction equipment.

(5) Daily monitoring and measurement during motor operation. During the operation of the motor, the placement of the motor itself and the relative position of the equipment have a great impact on the operation quality. Problems should be discovered and corrected through periodic inspections and daily monitoring to prevent quality accidents.

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