Why does the motor shaft breakage problem occur?_Wolong Nanyang Explosion-proof Motor, China Motor Manufacturer

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Why does the motor shaft breakage problem occur?

source：未知 time：2024-12-16 09:03nbsp; click：

Any problem with a product is likely to be related to manufacturing or use. For example, the motor shaft breakage problem: On the one hand, the motor manufacturer will take necessary measures in the shaft design and manufacturing process, but whether the designed motor matches the operating conditions is also a very critical issue.

During the design and manufacturing process, many possible measures are taken to effectively improve the strength of the shaft. For example, reasonable arrangement of shaft size relationships, stress avoidance measures, heat treatment methods such as quenching and tempering, use of materials with better toughness, etc. However, rationality in the use process is equally important. For example, factors such as motor transmission mode, transmission component size, and installation method can cause the motor bearing to fall apart, and in severe cases, the shaft may break. If the designer does not fully consider these actual working conditions, the probability of shaft breakage will often exceed expectations.

During the operation of the motor, there are ball mills, crushers and other equipment with severe vibrations, which have relatively strict requirements on the motor, especially the charged dust that appears during the operation, which will also increase the risk of motor operation. In this case, the motor structure design can no longer use conventional methods, and special means must be taken or more detailed analysis must be carried out. From the perspective of data statistics, if the problem is relatively concentrated or has obvious rules, it should be analyzed in depth, and some trade-offs should be made in the design of the shaft to fundamentally solve the problem.

Knowledge expansion-What is quenching and tempering?

Quenching and tempering generally refers to the comprehensive heat treatment process of quenching and high-temperature tempering. Quenching and tempering can greatly adjust the performance and material of steel. Its strength, plasticity and toughness are good, and it has good comprehensive mechanical properties. After quenching and tempering, tempered troostite is obtained.

The quenching and tempering treatment is widely used for structural parts that require excellent comprehensive performance, especially those working under alternating loads, such as automobile shafts and gears, turbine shafts and compressor discs of aircraft engines, etc. Structural steel parts that require induction heating and quenching are usually quenched and tempered before surface quenching to obtain fine and uniform troostite, which is beneficial to the surface hardened layer and can also make the core obtain good comprehensive mechanical properties. The nitrided parts can be tempered before nitriding to improve the processing performance of the steel and prepare the organization for nitriding. In order to make the measuring tool obtain a higher finish before quenching, eliminate the stress caused by rough machining, reduce quenching deformation, and make the hardness after quenching high and uniform, the quenching and tempering treatment can be carried out before finishing. For tool steels with network carbides or coarse grains after forging, the quenching and tempering treatment can be used to eliminate the carbide network and refine the grains, and the carbides can be spheroidized to improve machinability, so as to prepare the organization for the final heat treatment.

Knowledge expansion - What is stress?

When an object is deformed due to external factors (force, humidity, temperature field changes, etc.), the internal forces that interact with each other are generated between the parts of the object to resist the effect of such external factors and try to restore the object from the position after deformation to the position before deformation. The internal force per unit area at a certain point of the cross section under investigation is called stress. The stress perpendicular to the cross section is called normal stress or normal stress, and the stress tangent to the cross section is called shear stress or shear stress. The stress perpendicular to the cross section is called normal stress or normal stress, and the stress tangent to the cross section is called shear stress or shear stress. Stress will increase with the increase of external force. For a certain material, the growth of stress is limited. If this limit is exceeded, the material will be damaged. For a certain material, the limit that stress may reach is called the ultimate stress of the material. The ultimate stress value should be determined by mechanical testing of the material. The measured ultimate stress is appropriately reduced to determine the maximum stress value at which the material can work safely, which is the allowable stress. If a material is to be used safely, the stress inside it should be lower than its ultimate stress during use, otherwise the material will be damaged during use.

When some materials are working, the external force they are subjected to does not change with time. At this time, the internal stress remains unchanged, which is called static stress; for some other materials, the external force they are subjected to changes periodically with time, and the internal stress also changes periodically with time, which is called alternating stress. The damage of materials under alternating stress is called fatigue damage. Usually, when the alternating stress borne by the material is much smaller than its strength limit under static load, damage may occur. In addition, the material will cause a local increase in stress due to changes in cross-sectional dimensions. This phenomenon is called stress concentration. For brittle materials with uniform structure, stress concentration will greatly reduce the strength of the component, which should be paid special attention to when designing the component.

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